GEMPAK Manual |
Programs
NAMSND transfers model profile output in BUFR to GEMPAK sounding
and surface data files.
INPUT PARAMETERS
SNBUFR BUFR model sounding file
SNOUTF Output sounding file
SFOUTF Output surface file
SNPRMF Sounding parameter packing file
SFPRMF Surface parameter packing file
TIMSTN Times/additional stations
PROGRAM DESCRIPTION
NAMSND transfers model profile output in BUFR to GEMPAK
sounding and surface data files. The input BUFR file must be a
Jack Woollen type BUFR file whose first message is a table of
information about the file contents. Note that both a GEMPAK
sounding file and a surface file are created by this program.
NAMSND reads the table from the first BUFR message to get
information on the parameters in the file. A print out of this
information to a local file called bufr_table.dump is done if
SNPRMF and SFPRMF are both set to blank. No GEMPAK files or
other output files are created in this case.
If the surface file name SFOUTF is followed by +, then a second
surface file is opened. Its name is that of the first with the
suffix _aux. The packing table for this auxiliary file is
expected to have the name of that specified in SFPRMF with the
suffix _aux. The auxiliary file contains any primary parameters
for which there is no space in the primary surface data file,
followed by diagnosed parameters. The parameter table entries for
the auxiliary file must reflect this requirement. So, the
parameter file for the auxiliary file starts with a continuation
of the list of primary parameters in the order expected from the
BUFR data file followed by any diagnosed parameters. If there is
no overflow of primary parameters, then only diagnosed parameters
are found in the auxiliary file. When an auxiliary file is
used, any diagnosed parameters that are desired in the primary
file must be listed in the parameter table file for both the
primary and the auxiliary file. A list of diagnosed parameters
is given below.
If the BUFR data file name is followed by |sss=#####, where sss
is a 3-character station ID and ##### is the corresponding station
number, then an ASCII file name prof.sss is generated. This
file will contain the output for only station #####. If no
GEMPAK files are needed, set SNOUTF and SFOUTF to blank. The
parameter files are required for both the GEMPAK files and the
ASCII file.
NOTE ABOUT THE PARAMETER TABLE ENTRIES:
Diagnosed or extra computed parameters are added at the end of the
parameter list for surface data. They may be added anywhere for
profile data, but the last two columns must contain the GEMPAK
names of the actual BUFR parameters in correct order (as shown in
the file bufr_table.dump). The penultimate column is the scaling
factor to be applied to the parameter named in the last column.
Note that the names in the last column need not agree with the
names in the first column for sounding parameter files. Thus, in
the sounding parameter file, the last two columns are essentially
independent of the first four columns. Surface parameter files
do not have the extra last column of names.
None of the parameter names in the GEMPAK parameter file have to be
the same as the names found in the file bufr_table.dump. The file
bufr_table.dump gives the order in which the parameters must be
present in the GEMPAK parameter files. The replication of surface
parameters is not indicated in bufr_table.dump. Currently, the
only replicated surface parameters are the soil layer parameters
in the sequence SLYR (class 1 Eta file only).
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MODEL Sounding/Surface GEMPAK Parameter Names
Name TYP C Definition Units
PRES# SND 2 Pressure mb
TMPC# SND 2 Temperature C
DWPC# SND 2 Dewpoint temperature C
SPED# SND 2 Speed m/s
DRCT# SND 2 Direction degrees
OMEG# SND 2 Omega pa/s
HGHT# SND 2 Height m
DTCP SND 1 Temp tndncy from conv phase change K / day
DTGP SND 1 Temp tndncy from grd-scl phase change K / day
DTSW# SND 1 Temp tndncy from short-wave rad K / day
DTLW# SND 1 Temp tndncy from long-wave rad K / day
DTAR#* SND 1 Temp tndncy from all rad K / day
CFRL# SND 1 Cloud fraction in layer %
CWTR# SND 1 Cloud water Kg / Kg
TKEL# SND 1 Turbulent kinetic energy J / Kg
RADH SND - Net radiative heating rate K/day
- - - - - - - - - - -
PMSL# SFC 2 Mean sea-level pressure mb
PRES# SFC 2 Surface pressure mb
TMPC#@ SFC 2 First level temperature C
DWPC#@ SFC 2 First level dewpoint temperature C
SPED#@ SFC 2 First level wind speed m/s
DRCT#@ SFC 2 First level wind direction degrees
SKTC# SFC 2 Earth surface temperature C
SBTC# SFC 1 Bottom soil temperature C
SLTC# SFC 0 Layer 1 soil temperature C
TMIN SFC 1 Min lowest layer air temp over 1 hr C
TMAX SFC 1 Max lowest layer air temp over 1 hr C
FXLH SFC 1 Flux of latent heat (evaporation) W / m**2
FXLP SFC 1 Potential flux of latent heat W / m**2
FXSH SFC 1 Flux of sensible heat W / m**2
FXSS SFC 1 Flux of sub-surface heat W / m**2
FXSN SFC 1 Flux of snow phase change heat W / m**2
SWRD SFC 1 Short-wave radiation downward flux W / m**2
SWRU SFC 1 Short-wave radiation upward flux W / m**2
LWRD SFC 1 Long-wave radiation downward flux W / m**2
LWRU SFC 1 Long-wave radiation upward flux W / m**2
NDRF* SFC 1 Net downward rad flux at the surface W / m**2
RNET* SFC 1 Net radiative flux at the surface W / m**2
FXTT* SFC 1 Total surface energy budget residual W / m**2
P01M SFC 2 Total precip over 1 hr mm (kg/m**2)
P06M SFC - Total precip over 6 hr mm (kg/m**2)
P12M SFC - Total precip over 12 hr mm (kg/m**2)
C01M SFC 2 Convective precip over 1 hr mm (kg/m**2)
S01M* SFC 2 Stable precip over 1 hr mm (kg/m**2)
WTNS# SFC 2 Sfc moisture availability (fraction) unitless
EVAP SFC 0 Evaporation over 1 hr mm (kg/m**2)
SNFL SFC 1 Accumulated snowfall over 1 hr mm (kg/m**2)
SNRA# SFC 1 Snow ratio %
SLMM# SFC 1 Soil moisture mm (kg/m**2)
SWEM# SFC 2 Snow water equivalent mm (kg/m**2)
N01M SFC 1 Total snow melt over 1 hr mm (kg/m**2)
R01M SFC 2 Storm sfc runoff over 1 hr mm (kg/m**2)
BFGR SFC 2 Baseflow-groundwater runoff over 1 hr mm (kg/m**2)
SLLH* SFC 1 Surface evaporation over 1 hr mm (kg/m**2)
SLLP* SFC 1 Potential sfc evaporation over 1 hr mm (kg/m**2)
SWBL* SFC 1 Total water budget residual mm (kg/m**2)
LWRT SFC 1 Long-wave radiation at top W / m**2
SWRT SFC 1 Short-wave radiation at top W / m**2
WXTS# SFC 2 Categorical weather type snow 0,1
WXTP# SFC 2 Categorical weather type ice pellets 0,1
WXTZ# SFC 2 Categorical weather type frzng rain 0,1
WXTR# SFC 2 Categorical weather type rain 0,1
WSYM#* SFC 2 Weather type symbol number -
LCLD# SFC 2 Low-cloud amount %
MCLD# SFC 2 Middle-cloud amount %
HCLD# SFC 2 High-cloud amount %
CLPL SFC - Low-level cloud pressure level mb
CLPM SFC - Mid-level cloud pressure level mb
CLPH SFC - Hgh-level cloud pressure level mb
UWND# SFC 2 10 m u component m/s
VWND# SFC 2 10 m v component m/s
TH10# SFC 1 10 m potential temperature K
Q10M# SFC 1 10 m specific humidity g/kg
HLCY# SFC 2 Estimated storm-relative helicity m*m/s*s
USTM# SFC 2 Estimated storm motion u component m/s
VSTM# SFC 2 Estimated storm motion v component m/s
T2MS# SFC 2 2 m temperature C
TD2M#* SFC 2 Estimated 2 m dewpoint temperature C
Q2MS# SFC 2 2 m specific humidity g/kg
SRLM SFC 1 Surface roughness length m
SEXC# SFC 1 Surface exchange coefficient m/s
VEGF SFC 1 Green vegetation cover %
CNPW SFC 1 Canopy water mm (kg/m**2)
SMCx# SFC 1 Layer x=1,4 volumetric soil moisture -
STCx# SFC 1 Layer x=1,4 soil temperature K
SMSK SFC 2 Land/water mask (0=land, 1=water) -
SELV SFC 2 Surface elevation (model terrain) m
SLAT SFC 2 Station latitude degrees
SLON SFC 2 Station longitude degrees
STNM SFC 2 Station number -
* Parameter is derived during data reformatting.
# Parameter is an instantaneous value.
? Parameter is currently undefined (meaningless or missing value).
@ Parameter derived from first level profile data.
Column C has the following meaning:
0 = Parameter is in class 0 Eta output only
1 = Parameter is in class 1 Eta output only
2 = Parameter is in both class 0 and class 1 Eta output
- = Parameter is not in the Eta output
Note that any of these parameters may be found in the output
from other NCEP models.
Derived Parameter Definitions
DTAR = DTLW + DTSW
NDRF = SWRD + SWRU + LWRD
RNET = SWRD + SWRU + LWRD + LWRU
FXTT = FXLH + FXSH + FXSS + FXSN + RNET
S01M = P01M - C01M
SLLH = dt * FXLH / HEATVP
SLLP = dt * FXLP / HEATVP
SWBL = - ( SLMM (t) - SLMM (t-dt) )
- ( SWEM (t) - SWEM (t-dt) )
+ P01M - R01M + SLLH
WSYM = weather symbol number from standard symbol table
TD2M = saturation temperature for mixing ratio Q2MS at
pressure PRES
HEATVP = 2.834E06 if SWEM (t) > 0. or
HEATVP = 2.5E06 if SWEM (t) = 0.
NOTE:
If UWND and VWND (the 10 m wind) are in the BUFR file, then
do not request SPED and DRCT in the parameter file for the
primary surface data set. These may be requested in the
auxiliary surface data parameter file. Only one piece of
wind data can be accessed from a surface data file.
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EXAMPLES
1. Create sounding and surface data files from the BUFR output
file name 950612.bufr containing hourly profiles and surface
data from a 48-h eta model forecast. This is a standard
class 0 BUFR output file.
SNBUFR = 950612.bufr
SNOUTF = 950612.snd
SFOUTF = 950612.sfc
SNPRMF = snclass0.prm
SFPRMF = sfclass0.prm
TIMSTN = 49/500
2. Create only an ASCII text file from the BUFR data.
SNBUFR = 950612.bufr|pit=72520
SNOUTF =
SFOUTF =
SNPRMF = snclass0.prm
SFPRMF = sfclass0.prm
TIMSTN = 49/500
3. Create only the ASCII parameter list file bufr_table.dump.
SNBUFR = 950612.bufr
SNOUTF =
SFOUTF =
SNPRMF =
SFPRMF =
TIMSTN = 49/500
ERROR MESSAGES
[NAMSND +3] Done -- just wrote out bufr_table.dump.
[NAMSND +2] Creating GEMPAK file ... .
[NAMSND +1] End of input file -- all done.
[NAMSND -1] Fatal error initializing TAE.
[NAMSND -2] Fatal error reading TAE parameters.
[NAMSND -3] Error opening model sounding file ... .
[NAMSND -4] Error opening sounding parameter file.
[NAMSND -5] Wrong number of sounding parms in output file.
[NAMSND -6] Wrong sounding parameters in output file.
[NAMSND -7] Cannot create a new sounding data file.
[NAMSND -8] Error opening surface parameter file.
[NAMSND -9] Wrong number of surface parms in output file.
[NAMSND -10] Wrong surface parameters in output file.
[NAMSND -11] Cannot create a new surface data file.
[NAMSND -12] Error reading input file.
[NAMSND -13] Packing file not opened.
[NAMSND -14] Different SND parm count in input file.
[NAMSND -15] Different SFC parm count in input file.
[NAMSND -16] Cannot add SND time.
[NAMSND -17] Cannot add SFC time.
[NAMSND -18] Cannot add SND station.
[NAMSND -19] Cannot add SFC station.
[NAMSND -20] Sequence name not found in input file.
[NAMSND -21] No input parameter names were requested.
[NAMSND -22] Forecast time is missing.
[NAMSND -23] Station number is missing.
[NAMSND -24] Station latitude is missing.
[NAMSND -25] Station longitude is missing.
[NAMSND -26] Station elevation is missing.
[NAMSND -27] No surface data for a station.
[NAMSND -28] No data in output array.
[NAMSND -29] Sounding has only one level.
[NAMSND -30] Error opening auxiliary parameter file.
[NAMSND -31] Wrong number of auxiliary parms in output file.
[NAMSND -32] Wrong auxiliary parameters in output file.
[NAMSND -33] Cannot create a new auxiliary surface data file.
[NAMSND -34] Error assigning unit number to BUFR file.
[NAMSND -35] Must use all snd parms if not using one profile.
[NAMSND -36] Maximum number of profiles exceeded.
[NAMSND -41] Missing packing information---defective BUFR file.
[NAMSND -42] Too many TABLE B entries found in BUFR file.
[NAMSND -43] A sequence has no member parameters.
[NAMSND -44] Table is too long---MXTBLN is too small.
[NAMSND -45] No TABLE B entries found.
[NAMSND -46] Too many TABLE D entries found.
[NAMSND -47] Too many parameters in a sequence.
[NAMSND -48] No TABLE D entries found---defective BUFR file.
[NAMSND -49] The sequence ... was not found.
[NAMSND -50] The parameter ... was not found in table.
[NAMSND -51] Cannot open BUFR file ... .
[NAMSND -52] BUFR file name is blank.
[NAMSND -53] Cannot open bufr_table.dump file.
[NAMSND -54] 6th column entry in SND packing table is missing.
[NAMSND -55] Error opening sounding output file.
[NAMSND -56] Error opening surface output file.
[NAMSND -57] Error opening surface auxiliary output file.